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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2018

Activity of avian beta-defensins: beyond antibacterial

Résumé

Beta-defensins are highly conserved cationic peptides known in mammals to directly modulate host’s immune responses and to control pathogen spread, notably bacteria [1]. In birds, avian beta-defensins (AvBDs) constitute the largest family of innate immunity antimicrobial peptides [2], although their functions are less documented as compared to human beta-defensins. AvBD2 and AvBD7, two major beta-defensins found in chicken heterophils and intestinal epithelial cells, display broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and resistance to proteolysis [3,4]. However, their capacity to modulate inflammation induced by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) during colibacillosis, the most important bacterial disease of poultry, is not known. Moreover, the role of these defensins in the control of viral diseases including avian influenza viruses (AIV) in chickens still remains to be elucidated.In the present study, we investigated whether AvBDs could modulate the response of avian macrophages (HD11 cell line) to APEC LPS (O2 and O78) in vitro. None of the two defensins was able to directly or indirectly inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide release by macrophages. However, AvBD2 (5 μM), but not AvBD7, was able to stimulate macrophages to produce nitric oxide.In addition, the capacity of the two AvBDs to limit the replication of an H1N1 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in chicken lung epithelial cells (CLEC213 cell line) was investigated. Interestingly, AvBD2 (0.5 μM), but not AvBD7, was shown to significantly reduce the cytotoxicity of AIV infection in epithelial cells by measuring ATP as a surrogate for cell viability.Taken together these results reveal for the first time substantial differences in the biological activity pattern between AvBD2 and AvBD7, with AvBD2 exerting pro-inflammatory effects on avian macrophages and antiviral effects against avian influenza viruses in chicken lung epithelial cells.
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Dates et versions

hal-02737168 , version 1 (02-06-2020)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-02737168 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 433665

Citer

Rodrigo Guabiraba, Alice Scalzo, Anouk Mollé, Emmanuel Kut, Geoffrey Bailleul, et al.. Activity of avian beta-defensins: beyond antibacterial. 11. Symposium of the French Domestic Animal Immunology Network (IAD 2018), Mar 2018, Tours, France. 56 p. ⟨hal-02737168⟩
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