Thermal optimality of net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide and underlying mechanisms
Shuli Niu
(1)
,
Yiki Luo
(1, 2)
,
Shenfeng Fei
(1)
,
Wenping Yuan
(3)
,
David Schimel
(4)
,
Beverly E. Law
(5)
,
Christof Ammann
(6)
,
Altaf Arain
(7)
,
Almut Arneth
(8, 9)
,
Marc Aubinet
(10)
,
Alan Barr
(11)
,
Jason Beringer
(12)
,
Christian Bernhofer
(13)
,
T. Andrew Black
(14)
,
Nina Buchmann
(15)
,
Alessandro Cescatti
(16)
,
Jiquan Chen
(17)
,
Kenneth Davis
(18)
,
Ebba Dellwik
(19)
,
Ankur Desai
(20)
,
Sophia Etzold
(15)
,
Louis François
(21)
,
Damiano Gianelle
(22)
,
Bert Gielen
(23)
,
Allen Goldstein
(24)
,
Margriet Groenendijk
(25)
,
Lianhong Gu
(26)
,
Niall Hanan
(27)
,
Carole Helfter
(28)
,
Takashi Hirano
(29)
,
David Y. Hollinger
(30)
,
Mike B. Jones
(31)
,
Gerard Kiely
(32)
,
Thomas E. Kolb
(33)
,
Werner L. Kutsch
(34)
,
Peter Lafleur
(35)
,
David Lawrence
(36)
,
Linghao Li
(37)
,
Anders Lindroth
(8)
,
Marcy Litvak
(38)
,
Denis Loustau
(39)
,
Magnus Lund
(8)
,
Michal Marek
(40)
,
Timothy A. Martin
(41)
,
Giorgio Matteucci
(42)
,
Mirco Migliavacca
(16)
,
Leonardo Montagnani
(43)
,
Eddy Moors
(44)
,
J. William Munger
(45)
,
Asko Noormets
(46)
,
Walter Oechel
(47)
,
Janusz Olejnik
(48)
,
Kyaw, T Paw U
(49)
,
Kim Pilegaard
(19)
,
Serge Rambal
(50)
,
Antonio Raschi
(51)
,
Russell L. Scott
(52)
,
Günther Seufert
(16)
,
Donatella Spano
(53)
,
Paul Stoy
(54)
,
Mark A. Sutton
(30)
,
Andrej Varlagin
(55)
,
Timo Vesala
(56)
,
Ensheng Weng
(1)
,
Georg Wohlfahrt
(57)
,
Bai Yang
(26)
,
Zhongda Zhang
(1)
,
Xuhui Zhou
(2)
1
OU -
University of Oklahoma
2 FU - Fudan University
3 GCESS - College of Global Change and Earth System Science
4 NEON - National Ecological Observatory Network, Science Office
5 College of Forestry
6 Agroscope
7 School of Geography and Earth Sciences [Hamilton ON]
8 Skane University Hospital [Lund]
9 KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
10 Unité de Physique des Biosystèmes
11 Environment Canada
12 School of Geography and Environmental Science
13 TU Dresden - Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology
14 Land and Food Systems
15 Institute of Plant Science
16 IES - JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability
17 Department of Environmental Sciences [Toledo USA]
18 Earth System Science Center
19 DTU - Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark
20 University of Wisconsin-Madison
21 Unité de Modélisation du Climat et des Cycles Biogéochimiques (UMCCB)
22 FEM - Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie]
23 Department of Biology
24 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
25 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
26 Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge]
27 SDSTATE - South Dakota State University
28 NERC - Natural Environment Research Council
29 Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan]
30 USDA - United States Department of Agriculture
31 Botany Department
32 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department
33 School of Forestry
34 Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institut
35 Department of Geography
36 NCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder]
37 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences
38 The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque]
39 EPHYSE - Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement
40 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
41 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
42 Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology
43 Servizi Forestali, Agenzia per l'Ambiente
44 WUR - Wageningen University and Research Centre
45 EPS - Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Cambridge, USA]
46 NC State - North Carolina State University [Raleigh]
47 SDSU - San Diego State University
48 Meteorology Department
49 UC Davis - University of California [Davis]
50 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
51 CNR - National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
52 Southwest Watershed Research Center: Tucson, AZ
53 UNISS - Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari]
54 Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences
55 A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution
56 Department of Physics
57 Institute of Ecology
2 FU - Fudan University
3 GCESS - College of Global Change and Earth System Science
4 NEON - National Ecological Observatory Network, Science Office
5 College of Forestry
6 Agroscope
7 School of Geography and Earth Sciences [Hamilton ON]
8 Skane University Hospital [Lund]
9 KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
10 Unité de Physique des Biosystèmes
11 Environment Canada
12 School of Geography and Environmental Science
13 TU Dresden - Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology
14 Land and Food Systems
15 Institute of Plant Science
16 IES - JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability
17 Department of Environmental Sciences [Toledo USA]
18 Earth System Science Center
19 DTU - Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark
20 University of Wisconsin-Madison
21 Unité de Modélisation du Climat et des Cycles Biogéochimiques (UMCCB)
22 FEM - Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie]
23 Department of Biology
24 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
25 VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam]
26 Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge]
27 SDSTATE - South Dakota State University
28 NERC - Natural Environment Research Council
29 Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan]
30 USDA - United States Department of Agriculture
31 Botany Department
32 Civil and Environmental Engineering Department
33 School of Forestry
34 Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institut
35 Department of Geography
36 NCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder]
37 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences
38 The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque]
39 EPHYSE - Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement
40 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
41 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
42 Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology
43 Servizi Forestali, Agenzia per l'Ambiente
44 WUR - Wageningen University and Research Centre
45 EPS - Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Cambridge, USA]
46 NC State - North Carolina State University [Raleigh]
47 SDSU - San Diego State University
48 Meteorology Department
49 UC Davis - University of California [Davis]
50 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
51 CNR - National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
52 Southwest Watershed Research Center: Tucson, AZ
53 UNISS - Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari]
54 Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences
55 A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution
56 Department of Physics
57 Institute of Ecology
Wenping Yuan
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 783318
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1469-4395
Almut Arneth
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 772005
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6616-0822
Christian Bernhofer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 774746
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1061-3073
Nina Buchmann
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 772006
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0826-2980
- IdRef : 242539602
Alessandro Cescatti
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 768433
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2769-2591
Jiquan Chen
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 766321
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0761-9458
David Lawrence
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 763696
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2968-3023
Denis Loustau
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 747851
- IdHAL : denis-loustau
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3990-400X
Giorgio Matteucci
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 774747
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4790-9540
Mirco Migliavacca
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 800719
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3546-8407
Leonardo Montagnani
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 770089
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2957-9071
Paul Stoy
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 801070
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6053-6232
Andrej Varlagin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 776788
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2549-5236
Georg Wohlfahrt
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 776789
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3080-6702
Résumé
It is well established that individual organisms can acclimate and adapt to temperature to optimize their functioning. However, thermal optimization of ecosystems, as an assemblage of organisms, has not been examined at broad spatial and temporal scales. Here, we compiled data from 169 globally distributed sites of eddy covariance and quantified the temperature response functions of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), an ecosystem-level property, to determine whether NEE shows thermal optimality and to explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that the temperature response of NEE followed a peak curve, with the optimum temperature (corresponding to the maximum magnitude of NEE) being positively correlated with annual mean temperature over years and across sites. Shifts of the optimum temperature of NEE were mostly a result of temperature acclimation of gross primary productivity (upward shift of optimum temperature) rather than changes in the temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration. Ecosystem-level thermal optimality is a newly revealed ecosystem property, presumably reflecting associated evolutionary adaptation of organisms within ecosystems, and has the potential to significantly regulate ecosystemclimate change feedbacks. The thermal optimality of NEE has implications for understanding fundamental properties of ecosystems in changing environments and benchmarking global models.