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Poster De Conférence Année : 2014

Maternal exposure to diesel engine exhaust during pregnancy affects fetal and placental growth: validation of a rabbit model

Résumé

Maternal exposure to airborne pollution, in humans, has been shown to induce an intra uterine growth retardation associated towith a decreased placental weight. Human studies, however, are limited to investigate underlying mechanisms. Here we developed a rabbit model to study these potential effects during pregnancy. Female rabbits were exposed to a representative air pollution mixture, i.e. diluted diesel engine exhaust (N=7, group P) or clean air (N=5, group C), 1h every morning and afternoon, 5 days a week, from 3 to 27dpc (term=31d). At 28dpc, dams were euthanized, fetuses and placentas were collected, measured and weighed. Data were analysed by ANOVA, including litter size, sex and dam as cofactors. Altogether, 68P and 41C feto-placental units were collected. P fetuses were significantly lighter (p< 0.001) than C fetuses. Fetal to placental weight ratio was significantly lower in exposed compared to unexposed fetuses, indicating reduced placental efficiency. In contrast, placental and deciduas weights were not affected. Exposure was associated with reduced crown-rump length, abdominal pe- rimeter, head length and biparietal diameter (p< 0.05, p< 0.001, p< 0.001 and p< 0.05, respectively). Brain and liver to fetal weight ratios were increased in P fetuses (p< 0.05), whereas lung, heart and kidney to fetal weight ratios remained unchanged, indicating that brain and liver were preserved in the P fetuses, as described in humans with disharmonious growth retardation. These data indicate that repeated exposure to airborne pollution even for daily short periods affects fetoplacental development and vali- date the use of the rabbit model for further studies.
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Dates et versions

hal-02741148 , version 1 (03-06-2020)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-02741148 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 256624

Citer

Sarah Valentino, Anne Couturier-Tarrade, Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard, Michèle Dahirel, Etienne E. Aujean, et al.. Maternal exposure to diesel engine exhaust during pregnancy affects fetal and placental growth: validation of a rabbit model. International conference on Developmental Origins of Adiposity and Long-Term Health, Mar 2014, Munich, Germany. , 106 p., 2014, The power of programming 2014, International conference on Developmental Origins of Adiposity and long-term health, programme and abstracts. ⟨hal-02741148⟩
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