Up to now, most nutritional policies have been set up to inform consumers about the health benefits induced by more balanced diets. Reviews of the impacts of these policies show that the effects are often modest. This has led governments to implement, in more recent times, policies focused on the market environment, especially on the characteristics of the food supply. The goal of this paper is to review theoretical and empirical studies focusing on changes in the food supply induced by alternative policies, and to attempt to draw from them policy guidelines and conjectures to test in future research.